Add Go package registry (#24687)

Fixes #7608

This PR adds a Go package registry usable with the Go proxy protocol.

![grafik](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/1666336/328feb5c-3df2-4f9d-8eae-fe3126d14c37)

doc/administration/config-cheat-sheet.en-us.md

@@ -1223,6 +1223,7 @@ Task queue configuration has been moved to `queue.task`. However, the below conf
 - `LIMIT_SIZE_CONTAINER`: **-1**: Maximum size of a Container upload (`-1` means no limits, format `1000`, `1 MB`, `1 GiB`)
 - `LIMIT_SIZE_DEBIAN`: **-1**: Maximum size of a Debian upload (`-1` means no limits, format `1000`, `1 MB`, `1 GiB`)
 - `LIMIT_SIZE_GENERIC`: **-1**: Maximum size of a Generic upload (`-1` means no limits, format `1000`, `1 MB`, `1 GiB`)
+- `LIMIT_SIZE_GO`: **-1**: Maximum size of a Go upload (`-1` means no limits, format `1000`, `1 MB`, `1 GiB`)
 - `LIMIT_SIZE_HELM`: **-1**: Maximum size of a Helm upload (`-1` means no limits, format `1000`, `1 MB`, `1 GiB`)
 - `LIMIT_SIZE_MAVEN`: **-1**: Maximum size of a Maven upload (`-1` means no limits, format `1000`, `1 MB`, `1 GiB`)
 - `LIMIT_SIZE_NPM`: **-1**: Maximum size of a npm upload (`-1` means no limits, format `1000`, `1 MB`, `1 GiB`)

doc/usage/packages/debian.en-us.md

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ curl --user your_username:your_password_or_token \
 If you are using 2FA or OAuth use a [personal access token]({{< relref "doc/development/api-usage.en-us.md#authentication" >}}) instead of the password.
 You cannot publish a file with the same name twice to a package. You must delete the existing package version first.
 
-The server reponds with the following HTTP Status codes.
+The server responds with the following HTTP Status codes.
 
 | HTTP Status Code  | Meaning |
 | ----------------- | ------- |
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ curl --user your_username:your_token_or_password -X DELETE \
      https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/debian/pools/bionic/main/test-package/1.0.0/amd64
 ```
 
-The server reponds with the following HTTP Status codes.
+The server responds with the following HTTP Status codes.
 
 | HTTP Status Code  | Meaning |
 | ----------------- | ------- |

doc/usage/packages/generic.en-us.md

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ curl --user your_username:your_password_or_token \
 
 If you are using 2FA or OAuth use a [personal access token]({{< relref "doc/development/api-usage.en-us.md#authentication" >}}) instead of the password.
 
-The server reponds with the following HTTP Status codes.
+The server responds with the following HTTP Status codes.
 
 | HTTP Status Code  | Meaning |
 | ----------------- | ------- |
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ curl --user your_username:your_token_or_password \
      https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/generic/test_package/1.0.0/file.bin
 ```
 
-The server reponds with the following HTTP Status codes.
+The server responds with the following HTTP Status codes.
 
 | HTTP Status Code  | Meaning |
 | ----------------- | ------- |
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ curl --user your_username:your_token_or_password -X DELETE \
      https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/generic/test_package/1.0.0
 ```
 
-The server reponds with the following HTTP Status codes.
+The server responds with the following HTTP Status codes.
 
 | HTTP Status Code  | Meaning |
 | ----------------- | ------- |
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ curl --user your_username:your_token_or_password -X DELETE \
      https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/generic/test_package/1.0.0/file.bin
 ```
 
-The server reponds with the following HTTP Status codes.
+The server responds with the following HTTP Status codes.
 
 | HTTP Status Code  | Meaning |
 | ----------------- | ------- |

doc/usage/packages/go.en-us.md

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+---
+date: "2023-05-10T00:00:00+00:00"
+title: "Go Packages Repository"
+slug: "go"
+weight: 45
+draft: false
+toc: false
+menu:
+  sidebar:
+    parent: "packages"
+    name: "Go"
+    weight: 45
+    identifier: "go"
+---
+
+# Go Packages Repository
+
+Publish Go packages for your user or organization.
+
+**Table of Contents**
+
+{{< toc >}}
+
+## Publish a package
+
+To publish a Go package perform a HTTP `PUT` operation with the package content in the request body.
+You cannot publish a package if a package of the same name and version already exists. You must delete the existing package first.
+The package must follow the [documented structure](https://go.dev/ref/mod#zip-files).
+
+```
+PUT https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/go/upload
+```
+
+| Parameter | Description |
+| --------- | ----------- |
+| `owner`   | The owner of the package. |
+
+To authenticate to the package registry, you need to provide [custom HTTP headers or use HTTP Basic authentication]({{< relref "doc/development/api-usage.en-us.md#authentication" >}}):
+
+```shell
+curl --user your_username:your_password_or_token \
+     --upload-file path/to/file.zip \
+     https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/go/upload
+```
+
+If you are using 2FA or OAuth use a [personal access token]({{< relref "doc/development/api-usage.en-us.md#authentication" >}}) instead of the password.
+
+The server responds with the following HTTP Status codes.
+
+| HTTP Status Code  | Meaning |
+| ----------------- | ------- |
+| `201 Created`     | The package has been published. |
+| `400 Bad Request` | The package is invalid. |
+| `409 Conflict`    | A package with the same name exist already. |
+
+## Install a package
+
+To install a Go package instruct Go to use the package registry as proxy:
+
+```shell
+# use latest version
+GOPROXY=https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/go go install {package_name}
+# or
+GOPROXY=https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/go go install {package_name}@latest
+# use specific version
+GOPROXY=https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/go go install {package_name}@{package_version}
+```
+
+| Parameter         | Description |
+| ----------------- | ----------- |
+| `owner`           | The owner of the package. |
+| `package_name`    | The package name. |
+| `package_version` | The package version. |
+
+If the owner of the packages is private you need to [provide credentials](https://go.dev/ref/mod#private-module-proxy-auth).
+
+More information about the `GOPROXY` environment variable and how to protect against data leaks can be found in [the documentation](https://go.dev/ref/mod#private-modules).

doc/usage/packages/rpm.en-us.md

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ curl --user your_username:your_password_or_token \
 If you are using 2FA or OAuth use a [personal access token]({{< relref "doc/development/api-usage.en-us.md#authentication" >}}) instead of the password.
 You cannot publish a file with the same name twice to a package. You must delete the existing package version first.
 
-The server reponds with the following HTTP Status codes.
+The server responds with the following HTTP Status codes.
 
 | HTTP Status Code  | Meaning |
 | ----------------- | ------- |
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ curl --user your_username:your_token_or_password -X DELETE \
      https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/rpm/test-package/1.0.0/x86_64
 ```
 
-The server reponds with the following HTTP Status codes.
+The server responds with the following HTTP Status codes.
 
 | HTTP Status Code  | Meaning |
 | ----------------- | ------- |